WTP: 212 MLD Conventional + ZLD

High-Capacity Drinking Water Treatment with Zero Liquid Discharge
Location

Kosad, Surat, Gujarat, India

Procedure

Conventional Treatment + ZLD Integration

Contract Type

EPC Turnkey

Capacity

212 MLD (Raw Water to Potable Drinking Water)

Kosad 212 MLD WTP: Conventional Treatment with Zero Liquid Discharge for Sustainable Supply

Completed in 2021 for Surat Municipal Corporation, this major drinking water treatment plant at Kosad processes raw water (from Tapi River sources) at 212 MLD scale using conventional technology enhanced with Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) features.

The plant employs clariflocculators for coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation, rapid gravity sand filters for polishing, and disinfection, while ZLD systems recycle reject streams, backwash water, and sludge to eliminate liquid waste discharge. It delivers reliable, high-quality potable water to Surat’s growing urban areas (e.g., North/Rander zones), minimizes environmental impact, and aligns with SMC’s commitment to efficient, sustainable water management.

Large-Scale Potable Water Production with Environmental Zero Discharge

Main objectives:

  • Treat 212 MLD raw water to meet BIS/Indian drinking standards (low turbidity, safe disinfection).
  • Implement ZLD to recycle all process rejects/backwash/sludge, achieving no liquid effluent discharge.
  • Provide dependable supply for Surat’s expanding population and zones.
  • Optimize operations with conventional processes for cost-effectiveness and reliability.
  • Support Surat’s broader sustainability goals in water treatment and resource conservation.

Integrating ZLD into Conventional Mega-Capacity Treatment

Key challenges:

  • Scaling conventional clariflocculators and filters to 212 MLD while maintaining consistent quality.
  • Achieving true ZLD — managing high-volume backwash/reject streams without external discharge.
  • Handling variable raw water quality (seasonal Tapi River variations) for stable effluent.
  • Coordinating large civil/structural works (e.g., massive clarifiers) in active site.
  • Balancing energy/chemical use for ZLD evaporation/drying with overall efficiency.

Conventional Train Enhanced with ZLD Recycle Systems

Core process: Coagulation-flocculation in clariflocculators, sedimentation, rapid gravity sand filtration, and chlorination/disinfection for potable output.
ZLD integration:

  • Backwash/recycle loops to recover water.
  • Sludge thickening/dewatering + evaporation/crystallization for zero liquid release.
  • High-rate clarifiers and efficient filters to minimize waste volumes.
  • Automated controls for dosing, flow, and ZLD operations.

This combination delivers high-volume potable water with full environmental compliance and resource recovery.

Assessment & Planning

Raw water characterization, demand analysis, and ZLD feasibility for 212 MLD conventional setup.

Design & Engineering

Detailed clariflocculator, filter, disinfection, and ZLD system (recycle/evaporation) design.

Construction & Installation

EPC build-out of large clarifiers, filters, ZLD units, piping — phased execution.

Commissioning & Optimization

Startup, quality trials, ZLD performance tuning, and effluent validation.

Handover & Monitoring

SMC handover, ongoing compliance checks, and operational support for zero dischar
Stage One
Stage Two
Stage Three
Stage Four
Stage Five

Project Partners

Fostering high-impact collaborations to deliver resilient environmental infrastructure and localized engineering excellence.
Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC)
Enviro Control Pvt. Ltd.

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